(Page 0374) The Breaking of Materials In everyday life one of the most familiar ways to generate randomness is to break a solid object. For although the details vary from one ...

(Page 0394) limits oneself to constructing systems out of fairly small numbers of components whose behavior and interactions are somehow simple. But systems in nature need ...

(Page 0396) associated for example with texture and pigmentation patterns -- in the end have almost nothing to do with natural selection. And instead what I believe is that ...

(Page 0400) Growth of Plants and Animals Looking at all the elaborate forms of plants and animals one might at first assume that the underlying rules for their growth must be ...

(Page 0421) grow by splitting off smaller stems. And indeed it is even known that some of the genetic phenomena involved are extremely similar. But the point is that because ...

(Page 0425) But which specific cellular automaton rule will any given mollusc use? The pictures at the bottom of the facing page show all the possible symmetrical rules that ...

(Page 0474) always to have the same overall rounded form, essentially independent of their orientation with respect to the underlying grid. And indeed what happens is similar ...

(Page 0482) The laws of physics in effect provide a collection of constraints on the structure. And while these laws are traditionally stated in terms of sophisticated ...

(Page 0503) In both the rules shown on the facing page , the only replacement specified is for the block . And it is inevitably the case that in any sequence of 's and 's ...

(Page 0510) like the one on the left that go from a symmetrical cluster to one for which a particular orientation has to be chosen. But despite these restrictions a fairly ...