Notes

Chapter 12: The Principle of Computational Equivalence

Section 9: Implications for Mathematics and Its Foundations


Nand theorems

The total number of expressions with n Nands and s variables is: Binomial[2n, n]sn + 1/(n + 1) (see page 897). With s = 2 and n from 0 to 7 the number of these True for all values of variables is {0, 0, 4, 0, 80, 108, 2592, 7296}, with the first few distinct ones being (see page 781)

{(p p) p, (((p p) p) p) p, (((p p) p) q) q}

The number of unequal expressions obtained is {2, 3, 3, 7, 10, 15, 12, 16} (compare page 1096), with the first few distinct ones being

{p, p p, p q, (p p) p, (p q) p, (p p) q}

Most of the axioms from page 808 are too long to appear early in the list of theorems. But those of system (d) appear at positions {3, 15, 568} and those of (e) at {855, 4}.

(See also page 1096.)



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From Stephen Wolfram: A New Kind of Science [citation]